Mohammedan Sporting Club: The Incredible Tales of the Black Panthers.
“The club is associated with the Prophet's name so it arouses passionate feelings among us the believers.”
These are the words of Delhi club footballer & lifelong Mohammedan supporter, Lt. Mohammed Taqi who as a youngster witnessed the legendary 1940 Durand Cup final at The Irwin Amphitheatre. Taqi explained that for the football lovers of Calcutta, Old Delhi and all over India, Mohammedan Sporting is a lifelong commitment. At a time when travelling fans were a rare concept in World football, Taqi travelled all over India to watch Mohammedan Sporting play.
He could narrate the names of all the legendary players of every era. Every season during The Durand and DCM tournaments, he would travel all around Old Delhi on a cycle rickshaw to announce Mohammedan’s matchday. An unmatched devotion and faithfulness, Mohammad Taqi represented the last class of football fans who would live and die for their one love: Mohammedan Sporting.
The story of Mohammedan Sporting, Mohun Bagan and East Bengal have their own origins, struggles and rivalries - a unique one which divides millions of Bengalis worldwide, but a common part of this lore is the one deeply ingrained in the philosophy of the proud Bengali of the 20th Century - the one that dares to speak against the powerful lord, and having the guts to strike back at the radial slur and abuses of The British - the one that finds football as a way to revolt against The Raj, imparting a nationalist dream of independence.
The emergence of The Big 3 of Calcutta Maidan put an end to The Britishers notion of Bengalis being immersed in an invisible cloak of physical effeminacy and moral susceptibility. Gone were the days when they could control the natives with a few strokes of leash. As a result, The Bengalis began to view the success in the game of football as a proof of their revitalized physical prowess.
The emergence of The Big 3 of Calcutta Maidan put an end to The Britishers notion of Bengalis being immersed in an invisible cloak of physical effeminacy and moral susceptibility. Gone were the days when they could control the natives with a few strokes of leash. As a result, The Bengalis began to view the success in the game of football as a proof of their revitalized physical prowess.
Origin and Initial Years (1887-1930)
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Nawab Abdul Latif, 1910. |
The formation of Mohammedan Sporting can be largely credited to The Mohammedan Library Society under Nawab Abdul Latif, an association of educated Muslims across Calcutta that wanted to promote progressive reforms in social, cultural and educational forums.
With the formation of prominent football clubs for Bengali Hindus like Shovabazar, Aryans, National Association, Bengali Muslims also wanted to take part in the natives’ stand against The Britishers. From the early 1880s, the Muslim community was attracted towards various forms of outdoor sports that were introduced by The British.
In 1887, the collaboration of three prominent Urdu personalities around Bengal: Khan Bahadur Nawab Aminul Islam, Maulvi Abdul Ghani of Malda and Maulvi Md. Yaseen of Burdwan formed the Jubilee Club. Established as a sporting organization for the Muslims in Calcutta, the club's primary motto was to promote sports and physical activity amongst Muslim youths.
Two years later the club was renamed to Crescent Club. The new name was short-lived as a year later, the name was finalised as Mohammedan Sporting. From the earliest reports, it is known that the club promoted prominent sports renowned amongst the Britishers that included Football, Cricket, Hockey. Tennis, Badminton, Billiards.
The club's colors were decided as Black and White which symbolized Islam’s purity and nobility. Hazrat Mohammad was born in the Quraysh Clan whose flag is black. On the other hand, the Jews who converted to Islam upon the arrival of the Prophet hoisted white flags.
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Former Logo of Mohammedan Sporting Club |
The club's crest was finalised as the typical Islamic iconographic symbol of star and crescent in the middle. The colour of the crest was also decided in accordance with the Quranic colour of Green. Thus, Mohammedan Sporting crest and colour symbolise their religious origin and the values they stand for.
At the commencement the club had no playground of their own. With the help of club president, Amir Hossain the club obtained permission to play in the grounds of Calcutta Boys School every alternate days. Subsequently, when the members of the club increased, more and more sports were practised and three days a week was not enough to accommodate all the games. The then Police commissioner, Mr. Charles Lambert granted them the whole week for practice and the ground has been in exclusive possession to the club since then.
The club participated in several local tournaments but their prominence came only after they won The coochbehar cup in 1902, 1906, 1909. The last win under the captaincy of Syed Ali made them a prominent name in the Bengal sports circle. For the next two decades, Mohammedan Sporting slowly but steadily took humble steps in order to formulate a team that could compete at the highest level.
In 1927, Mohammedan Sporting finished runners up in the Trades Cup that enabled them a spot in the second leg of Calcutta Football League. The annual report of 1928 pointed out a significant financial crisis for the club. Finance records showed the club had only Rs 9/- in credit while an outstanding due of Rs 3600/- was unpaid for quite some time. Majority of the 208 official members were on a free roll. The arrears for servants and staff pay alone was Rs 460/-.
The club did not have a representation in any of the sporting federations that they played. Mohammedan Sporting were in a big administrative and financial mess. It was during this time that the two joint secretaries, S.A. Rashid and I.G.H Arif worked wonders to pull the club out of financial crisis as well as enhancing their performance in each sport.
The club did not have a representation in any of the sporting federations that they played. Mohammedan Sporting were in a big administrative and financial mess. It was during this time that the two joint secretaries, S.A. Rashid and I.G.H Arif worked wonders to pull the club out of financial crisis as well as enhancing their performance in each sport.
However, Mohammedan Sporting’s footballing journey did not go smoothly in the second division. The club finished the season joint lowest with St. Xavier's and was able to save relegation in a play off match. Things looked even worse for The Black and white brigade in the next season as they could only gather eight points.
They were allowed to stay in the second division to fill the void of Eastern Indian Railway who withdrew their team, Things were going from bad to worse for Mohammedan Sporting and they desperately needed a change.
They were allowed to stay in the second division to fill the void of Eastern Indian Railway who withdrew their team, Things were going from bad to worse for Mohammedan Sporting and they desperately needed a change.
Shaan-e-Mohammedan: The Golden Period (1931-1948)
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Syed Ahmed Rashid was the first Muslim to receive the title of Khan Sahib from the Governor General of India in 1932. He served as the secretary of Mohammedan twice. |
Mohammedan Sporting's rise as one of the premier clubs can be largely credited to their former hockey captain, C.A. Aziz. Alongwith Dukhiram Majumdar, Aziz was one of the pioneers to understand the importance of playing with boots. He was a visionary going far to see the advantage on both sides of the coin. He trained the players for a two in one situations to utilise both with boots and without boots depending on the conditions of the ground. He even prepared the boots of his own players personally tailor mading them with thin leather to keep the boots light.
Unlike any other football club, Mohammedan Sporting was not a mere local club of Calcutta. From its inception, the club held a pan-Indian outlook with a support base in every corner of the country. Other Muslim managed clubs of the era like Bangalore Muslims, Bangalore Crescents or Muslim Union of India were nowhere near to the popularity of Mohammedan Sporting. Using the advantage of its soaring popularity, Mohammedan became the first club from Bengal to start recruiting outstation players.
After a disappointing start to the 1930 Calcutta League, Aziz started Mohun Bagan rejects Kaleh Khan and Sirajuddin in 1931. They qualified for the first division by winning 8 matches. Hafiz Ahmed Rashid from Delhi followed by Shamshul Huda and Mysore trio: Mostafa, Razzak and Wahab kick started Mohammedan invincible era.
The Black and White brigade traveled to Bombay in 1931 to play their first outstation tournament, The prestigious Rovers Cup. Samad, Nasim, Habibullah, Noor Mohammad drew considerable praise as the team made it to the semi finals but lost to eventual champions, Royal West Kent Regiment. Their rise was on the horizon.
The Black and White brigade traveled to Bombay in 1931 to play their first outstation tournament, The prestigious Rovers Cup. Samad, Nasim, Habibullah, Noor Mohammad drew considerable praise as the team made it to the semi finals but lost to eventual champions, Royal West Kent Regiment. Their rise was on the horizon.
After five seasons of hustle, The club finally managed to win the second division bagging 8 consecutive wins in the 1933 season thus securing a promotion to the first division. Aziz’s plan of introducing booted players was showing results before they entered the first division as a booted Mohammedan SC trounced Nerubagan 16-0.
Enthusiasm amongst the supporters was soaring high from Mohammedan’s inaugural year in the first division. Aziz increased his scouting and recruitment policies as more and more players travelled from all over India to play for Mohammedan sporting.
Enthusiasm amongst the supporters was soaring high from Mohammedan’s inaugural year in the first division. Aziz increased his scouting and recruitment policies as more and more players travelled from all over India to play for Mohammedan sporting.
Jumma Khan from The Sandemenians of Quetta arrived. Masum. Moinuddin, Rahmatullah and Saboo arrived from Bangalore. Footballing wizard, Syed Abdus Samad and Khurshid Anwar arrived from Eastern Bengal Railway (EBR). Samad, a legend of Calcutta Maidan has been a crowd favorite for two decades. With a ripe experience that consisted of classic performances against renowned English teams like Somerset FC and Sherwood Forestry, Samad arrived at Mohammedan at a veteran age of 38.
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Jumma Khan in an advertisement (L) and Player Profile (R) |
With the arrival of new players, Aziz tried implementing new tactics. From aerial directionless shots, Aziz channeled the game to grass cutting short passes. Under the captaincy of Khurshid Anwar, Mohammedan Sporting kicked off their campaign with 4-1 win over Calcutta FC. Back to back wins enabled Mohammedan at the top of the table.
This was the first time Mohammedan sporting faced Mohun Bagan. Rahmat opened the scoring for The Black Panthers while Mona Dutta scored for The Mariners. They also salvaged a draw against East Bengal. But most of the other native and regimental teams faced defeat to the newly promoted team. The only setback of the season was a 0-3 loss to Durham Light Infantry.
This was the first time Mohammedan sporting faced Mohun Bagan. Rahmat opened the scoring for The Black Panthers while Mona Dutta scored for The Mariners. They also salvaged a draw against East Bengal. But most of the other native and regimental teams faced defeat to the newly promoted team. The only setback of the season was a 0-3 loss to Durham Light Infantry.
However, this defeat was an eye opener for Aziz and the team as players permanently started playing barefoot and shifted to lightweight boots. The team received instant results and had more to lead than the experienced Samad who scored a hat-trick in 4-1 against Aryans.
On 5th July 1934, Mohammedan Sporting scripted the red letter day as they defeated Kalighat 4-1. With 27 points in 20 matches, Mohammedan Sporting achieved what Mohun Bagan for 18 years and East Bengal for nine years tried hard. They became the first native team to win the Calcutta League!
Celebrations went on for countless days throughout the city as well as the villages. congratulatory messages were received by dignified personalities from all spheres. Mohammedan Sporting had truly achieved something of pride and valor. Even the rival fans applauded the quality of play by Mohammedan’s players. Jumma Khan, known for keeping a watertight defense, became a living legend amongst the fans. The duo of Hafiz Rashid and Rehmat worked wonders.
Ahead of the new season, Mohammedan Sporting fell short of players as only eight professionals from last season reported for training. Mohammad Salim returned to the club for his second stint while Rahim joined the attacking duo of Hafiz Rashid and Rehmat. A bright start with two wins was marred with inexperience and inconsistency as the team was able to only win one out of their next 7 matches.
Mohammedan were languishing mid table at the end of the first leg. During the mid season break, regulars such as Moiunuddin, Masum, Jumma Kha and Kalu Kha returned. Aziz aimed for a top of the table finish. An uphill task, Sporting huffed and puffed their way to set-up a league decider against Calcutta FC.
In a muddy ground against the booted Britishers, Mohammedan Sporting lit up like a raging fire. Kalu Khan saved a penalty in the first half. Just when the game seemed to be looking for a draw, Rehmat scored the winner! Consecutive league victories proved that The Black Panthers were no fluke.
Mohammedan were languishing mid table at the end of the first leg. During the mid season break, regulars such as Moiunuddin, Masum, Jumma Kha and Kalu Kha returned. Aziz aimed for a top of the table finish. An uphill task, Sporting huffed and puffed their way to set-up a league decider against Calcutta FC.
In a muddy ground against the booted Britishers, Mohammedan Sporting lit up like a raging fire. Kalu Khan saved a penalty in the first half. Just when the game seemed to be looking for a draw, Rehmat scored the winner! Consecutive league victories proved that The Black Panthers were no fluke.
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Performance stats of Mohammedan in CFL from 1934 to 1941. (Courtesy: Somnath Sengupta , Mohammedan Sporting Club, IFA - on The Hard Tackle via Wikipedia Commons) |
Mohammedan Sporting soon understood the perks of winning back to back league titles. Throughout undivided India the team was called to play exhibition matches. The invitations extended outside of India too and Mohammedan scheduled a trip to Ceylon and Burma for the pre season 1936. Under the guidance of the secretary, S.A. Rashid and former skipper, Habibullah Bahar, Mohammedan Sporting made their maiden voyage to Burma. After playing four matches(2 W, 1D, 1L), Sporting traveled to Ceylon where they played three more matches (2W, 1L).
After a refreshing pre-season, Aziz continued to scout the best Muslim talents throughout India. It was during this time, Aziz discovered the stalwarts of his future team. Left out Bacchi Khan from Peshawar, Custodian Osman Jaan from Delhi, Centre half Noor Mohammad and Full back Taj Mohammad were roped in. Silently, Mohammedan Sporting were gearing up to enter their invincible mode.
After a refreshing pre-season, Aziz continued to scout the best Muslim talents throughout India. It was during this time, Aziz discovered the stalwarts of his future team. Left out Bacchi Khan from Peshawar, Custodian Osman Jaan from Delhi, Centre half Noor Mohammad and Full back Taj Mohammad were roped in. Silently, Mohammedan Sporting were gearing up to enter their invincible mode.
The enthusiasm of the Muslim society around Calcutta, Dhaka and other parts of Bengal rose significantly ahead of the 1936 season. Extra gates were opened for League and Shield. Die hard fans who could not manage tickets used to build temporary periscopes and fix them then stop altars and walls to view the match. Some of them were adventurous enough to climb upon trees and tall buildings to get a glimpse of the match. The management and the team decided to target not only the League but the IFA Shield as well.
Unlike the previous season, Mohammedan started the campaign with an indomitable spirit. They broke records both on and off the pitch. On pitch, they won a game 7-1 against Black Watch which was the biggest win margin by an Indian team. Off the field, the unofficial attendance figure of this match crossed one lakh! In no other footballing centers of India, there were such large gatherings recorded for a football match. They were achieving feats unheard and unseen before in Indian football.
An unusual situation arrived for Mohammedan mid season that put a serious question mark on their title aspirations. Center forward, Hafiz Rashid went out injured making three of the five regular forwards unavailable. Such a grave injury crisis affected Mohammedan Sporting as they could only win 1 out of their last 5 matches.
The title race went onto the final matchday against their crosstown rivals, Mohun Bagan. On matchday, the Ghotis bantered by claps and jeers if they could prevent a hat-trick of titles but on the contrary, if the Mohammedanis could defeat them their chest would be inflated in becoming the first native team to win it thrice in the row. After a goalless draw, the latter won.
The title race went onto the final matchday against their crosstown rivals, Mohun Bagan. On matchday, the Ghotis bantered by claps and jeers if they could prevent a hat-trick of titles but on the contrary, if the Mohammedanis could defeat them their chest would be inflated in becoming the first native team to win it thrice in the row. After a goalless draw, the latter won.
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Mohammed Salim in Celtic |
Mohammedan Sporting’s success was not limited to the league. Aziz and his boys always dreamt of winning the prestigious IFA Shield that made Mohun Bagan a nationalist body against British imperialism in 1911. They too wanted to create their legacy. In the eyes of The British, Mohun Bagan’s success in 1911 was the solitary example of an Indian club punching above it's weight.
Mohammedan wanted to change it. With a star studded squad, teams were conquered one after the other as Mohammedan Sporting reached the finals booking a mega clash with Calcutta FC. Known as Shield fighters for their indomitable form in the IFA shield, Calcutta FC were cautious, often staying on guard against the fierce Mohammedan Sporting.
After two Goalless draws were unable to decide a clear winner was repeated twice in two matches, the second replay finally saw Calcutta FC falter. They started playing more freely and this was the chance Mohammed Sporting was looking for. Rashid Jr. Scored but a blunder from Osman Jan made it 1-1. Rahim scored the winner in regulation time this scripting Mohammedan Sporting name as IFA Shield champions!
The victory of Mohammedan Sporting over British and Hindu native teams brought a socio-poligical impact on a nation that was on the brinknof their independence. The series of victories inspired the Mohammedanis from other parts of India so much that Muslim Sports Club (1927) of Dhaka was renamed to Dhaka Mohammedan. Kemari Mohammedan was also formed in Port Trust, Karachi.
However, their popularity was not seen in a good eye by the Hindu-bhadrolok dominated teams and clashes soon followed. In the 1937 Calcutta League match against East Bengal, a full scale brawl erupted between players and officials of both the teams. The IFA seeing Mohammedan's previous record of crowd violence gave a verdict against them but Mohammedan did not budge down.
The fight dragged on for a year and the final mail in the coffin came in a Calcutta league fixture against Mohun Bagan. Repeated bad decisions against The Black Panthers was getting on their nerves and they exited the IFA with East Bengal, Aryans and Kalighat to form a counter Bengal football association. They started a knockout invitational tournament known as The Brabourne League and did not return to IFA for the rest of the season. Mohammedan's abysmal form and untimely exit presented Mohun Bagan with an opportunity as they won their first ever Calcutta league title in 1939.
However, their popularity was not seen in a good eye by the Hindu-bhadrolok dominated teams and clashes soon followed. In the 1937 Calcutta League match against East Bengal, a full scale brawl erupted between players and officials of both the teams. The IFA seeing Mohammedan's previous record of crowd violence gave a verdict against them but Mohammedan did not budge down.
The fight dragged on for a year and the final mail in the coffin came in a Calcutta league fixture against Mohun Bagan. Repeated bad decisions against The Black Panthers was getting on their nerves and they exited the IFA with East Bengal, Aryans and Kalighat to form a counter Bengal football association. They started a knockout invitational tournament known as The Brabourne League and did not return to IFA for the rest of the season. Mohammedan's abysmal form and untimely exit presented Mohun Bagan with an opportunity as they won their first ever Calcutta league title in 1939.
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1940 Calcutta Football League winning Mohammedan Sporting Team |
Halfway into the next season, an understanding was reached between the IFA and the ‘rebel’ clubs as they returned to play the league. It was a litmus test for Mohammedan Sporting. Fresh from a long conflict with IFA they landed into a frying pan. The title defense seemed an impossible task as IFA looked for every opportunity to seek revenge.
Congested fixtures saw Mohammedan play upto 3 sometimes 4 matches per week. Their cunning plans went as far as scheduling Mohun Bagan and East Bengal as the last two matches for Mohammedan. Unfazed, Mohammedan Sporting fought tooth and nail to see the fight right till the end. Against champions, Mohun Bagan, every player wore their heart in their sleeve.
Bacchi Khan and Noor Mohammad scored in a 2-0 win. Against East Bengal, Mohammedan eased away with a 3-0 win clinching the 1940 CFL title! The mark of serial champions was crafted in the 1940 season where the players had to play almost every alternate day or two, they always stayed at their top form topped with a spirited display of teamwork. Mohun Bagan came very close to defending the league winning the same no. of matches but Mohammedan went ahead with less no. of matches lost.
The Durand Cup was the oldest football tournament of India. It was started in 1888 by Sir Henry Mortimer Durand, the Foreign Secretary to Govt of India. The tournament was conducted as an All India Inter Regt Football Competition till 1939 at Shimla. In 1940, the Durand Committee decided to hold the tournament at Delhi and for the first time civil teams were also given permission to participate.
This was an unique opportunity presented to Mohammedan Sporting to conquer a new trophy and they accepted it with open hands. Unofficially the best civilian team, Mohammedan trounced one opponent after another to reach the final against Royal Warwickshire Regiment. On matchday, The Durand Amphitheatre was brimming with the audience.
Prominent personalities traveled from far-off cities like Calcutta, Dhaka, Hyderabad while common supporters arrived in trains and tongas to watch the match. Witnessed by the viceroy of India, Lord Linlithglow, a spirited Mohammedan Sporting tamed the British team with goals from Saboo and Rashid. When Capt. Harnam Singh blew the final whistle, Mohammedan Sporting created history by becoming the first native team to win the oldest tournament of the country, Durand Cup!
This was an unique opportunity presented to Mohammedan Sporting to conquer a new trophy and they accepted it with open hands. Unofficially the best civilian team, Mohammedan trounced one opponent after another to reach the final against Royal Warwickshire Regiment. On matchday, The Durand Amphitheatre was brimming with the audience.
Prominent personalities traveled from far-off cities like Calcutta, Dhaka, Hyderabad while common supporters arrived in trains and tongas to watch the match. Witnessed by the viceroy of India, Lord Linlithglow, a spirited Mohammedan Sporting tamed the British team with goals from Saboo and Rashid. When Capt. Harnam Singh blew the final whistle, Mohammedan Sporting created history by becoming the first native team to win the oldest tournament of the country, Durand Cup!
Gradual Decline (1949-1985)
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Mashood Fakiri with Mohammedan in 1955 |
A major reason for Mohammedan’s decline in the years after independence was the partition of 1947. As geopolitical borders were drawn across a previously undivided nation, many amongst the Muslim community decided to move to the newly formed Pakistan. This included the majority of the club’s elite patrons, prominent members as well as star players.
Although few of the players like Sheikh Shaheb Ali returned to play as foreign nationals, Mohammedan soon found it difficult to compete in major tournaments. With India being declared as a secular country, it was impossible for Mohammedan Sporting to continue its rigid Islamic policy in Maidan.
They slowly shifted their radical policies allowing non-muslim inclusions in their team. This was also the time, Mohammedan's city rivals, East Bengal and Mohun Bagan created legends of the game like Sailen Manna-Chuni Goswami for Mohun Bagan, The Pancha Pandavas for East Bengal whereas Mohammedan had to heavily depended on their ex players who were Pakistani nationals.
The club’s first prominent Pakistani player in the 50s came in 1955 when Mashood Fakhiri switched colors from crosstown rivals, East Bengal. Having fetched countless trophies for the Red and Gold brigade, Fakhiri once again produced scintillating form and played a key role as Sporting won the 1956 Rovers Cup tournament in Bombay.
The grand finale clash contested a fierce competition between The Black Panthers and The Green and Maroon Brigade. Chuni Goswami opened the scoring but Mohun Bagan were no match of a star studded Mohammedan Sporting consisting of Rahman, Mustaq Ahmed, Umer Baloch, Abid. Pakistani stalwart, Masood Fakhiri at the peak of his form, who by then had accepted an offer from English third division club, Bradford City was flown from England all the way to India to play for the final. The final scoreline read 3-1 as Mohammedan Sporting clinched the Rovers title for the second time.
The grand finale clash contested a fierce competition between The Black Panthers and The Green and Maroon Brigade. Chuni Goswami opened the scoring but Mohun Bagan were no match of a star studded Mohammedan Sporting consisting of Rahman, Mustaq Ahmed, Umer Baloch, Abid. Pakistani stalwart, Masood Fakhiri at the peak of his form, who by then had accepted an offer from English third division club, Bradford City was flown from England all the way to India to play for the final. The final scoreline read 3-1 as Mohammedan Sporting clinched the Rovers title for the second time.
The Rovers Cup win paved the way to regain Mohammedan's lost dominance in the Calcutta Maidan as the following season saw them complete the League-Shield double. Young Pakistani footballer, Abdul Gafoor was the star signing. An explosive forward line consisting of Umer Baloch, Yamani, Abid, Rahmatullah and Salahuddi, Mohammedan sporting scored goals after goals.
Mohun Bagan and East Bengal both were conquered in the first leg as Mohammedan sat on top of the table. A 1-1 draw against The Mariners and a 1-0 loss against East Bengal derailed their league winning campaign in the second leg but the season was also remembered for the violent clash between supporters of Mohammedan Sporting and Howrah Union.
Tension escalated quickly in the stands after Mohammedan's fourth goal as the match had to be called off. However, no obstacle was too big as The Black Panthers won their second Calcutta league title post Independence. After the league domination came the IFA Shield which Mohammedan sporting clinched easily trouncing Railways 3-0 in the final. The League-Shield double was repeated one more time after 1941.
Mohun Bagan and East Bengal both were conquered in the first leg as Mohammedan sat on top of the table. A 1-1 draw against The Mariners and a 1-0 loss against East Bengal derailed their league winning campaign in the second leg but the season was also remembered for the violent clash between supporters of Mohammedan Sporting and Howrah Union.
Tension escalated quickly in the stands after Mohammedan's fourth goal as the match had to be called off. However, no obstacle was too big as The Black Panthers won their second Calcutta league title post Independence. After the league domination came the IFA Shield which Mohammedan sporting clinched easily trouncing Railways 3-0 in the final. The League-Shield double was repeated one more time after 1941.
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Nikhil Nandy (L) tackling Muhammad Umer during a 1956 Calcutta League match between Mohammedan & Eastern Railway (Courtesy: Jugantor) |
In 1960, Mohammedan’s international fame grew as they clinched the Aga Khan Gold Cup in Dhaka by defeating Indonesian champions, Persatuan Makassar 4-1. The Aga Khan Gold Cup started in 1958 to gradually establish the event into the main international Asian competition. Dhaka Mohammedan won the previous year and 1960 was the time for their Kolkata counterparts.
The final against Makassar was hailed as one of the best football matches ever played in Dhaka. The Indonesian team came to the final as clear favorites but Mohammedan Sporting, fuelled by the sheer quality of Pakistani internationals Muhammed Umer Baloch and Musa Ghazi triumphed to a 4-1 victory. Umer scored two goals one in each half while Rahmatullah and Zafar scored one each. The victory had far reaching achievements as this was the first time an Indian club won a trophy on foreign soil.
Declining success In the 1960s and 70s converted Mohammedan Sporting as the third best team in Maidan behind The Bangals and Ghotis. The intense Mohun-East rivalry often provided thrilling fixtures and Mohammedan Sporting were finding it hard to match their level. Their only other achievement in the 60s was the clinching of 1967 CFL title.
This title win however has a special connection to Mohun Bagan's heart throb, Chuni Goswami. After an illustrious career over 13 years, Goswami put a fitting end in 1967 when he struck the all-important goal in Mohun Bagan’s 1-0 triumph over East Bengal in the Calcutta Football League.
Once the customary celebrations at the club tent were over, Goswami returned home to find that a gigantic handi of mutton biryani had been delivered to his Jodhpur Park residence by Mohammedan fans. Goswami’s match-winner didn’t help Mohun Bagan. Languishing low in the table they were already out of contention for the title. His goal crowned Mohammedan as the league champions — at East Bengal’s cost no less — after 10 years.
This title win however has a special connection to Mohun Bagan's heart throb, Chuni Goswami. After an illustrious career over 13 years, Goswami put a fitting end in 1967 when he struck the all-important goal in Mohun Bagan’s 1-0 triumph over East Bengal in the Calcutta Football League.
Once the customary celebrations at the club tent were over, Goswami returned home to find that a gigantic handi of mutton biryani had been delivered to his Jodhpur Park residence by Mohammedan fans. Goswami’s match-winner didn’t help Mohun Bagan. Languishing low in the table they were already out of contention for the title. His goal crowned Mohammedan as the league champions — at East Bengal’s cost no less — after 10 years.
In the subsequent decades, Mohammedan experienced fluctuations in performance but remained a formidable force in Indian football. They kept on winning second tier trophies like the DCM Trophy in 1971 but they failed to keep up with the Top 2 of Calcutta Maidan.
There were however places where The Black Panthers were ahead of their Calcutta rivals. The Punjab teams: Border Security Force (BSF), Punjab Police, Leaders Club and later JCT Phagwara became nuthe Kolkata club’s main opponents. Their robust style of play and hard tackling often intimidated both East Bengal and Mohun Bagan but Mohammedan Sporting never flinched and matched the Punjab teams head to head.
There were however places where The Black Panthers were ahead of their Calcutta rivals. The Punjab teams: Border Security Force (BSF), Punjab Police, Leaders Club and later JCT Phagwara became nuthe Kolkata club’s main opponents. Their robust style of play and hard tackling often intimidated both East Bengal and Mohun Bagan but Mohammedan Sporting never flinched and matched the Punjab teams head to head.
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Abdul Aziz (left) played for Mohammedan Sporting between 1974 and 1981; Mohammedans manager Dipendu Biswas (in blue) gifting a club jersey to Abdul Aziz's relatives at their house in Malappuram. (Courtesy: Special Arrangement by The Indian Express) |
Mohammedan Sporting's second golden era came in the first half of 1980s. Under the presidency of Lt. Irfan Taher, the club won all major titles in Indian club football from 1980-84. Funds kept coming in with the city’s top businessmen sponsoring the club. They brought ripples across the transfer market when they signed a series of stars from East Bengal in 1980 and Mohun Bagan in 1981.
Bhaskar Ganguly, Surajit Karmakar, Sabbir Ali, Chinmoy Chatterjee, Prasanta Banerjee, David Williams made the switch from the Red and Gold brigade in 1980. A year later, Prasun Banerjee, Bidesh Bose and Manas Bhattacharyya were roped in from Mohun Bagan. As a result, Sporting went on to win the 1981 CFL undefeated!
The next year, the management sought to target more trophies. Syed Nayemuddin was brought in as coach while Iranian trio of Jamshed Nassiri, Mehmod Khabaji and Majid Biskar arrived from East Bengal. The management had their eyes set on Majid Bishkar since his 30-yard booming strike in the 1980 Rovers Cup final salvaged a draw for East Bengal against Sporting.
The president wanted the duo at any cost and he finally had his prize. Jamshed and Majid were players unseen in India’s footballing history. Especially Majid whose accurate slick passes and deft body faints spread an aura amongst the fans.The duo helped Mohammedan Sporting clinch the 1983 Federation Cup which was the official champions of India back then. In a tightly packed Jawahar Stadium in Kannur against Mohun Bagan.
Majid finally brought out his true form out in Black and White colours. With the first half Goalless, Mohun Bagan were seeking to hold Mohammedan for another half and clinch their fourth Federation Cup in a row. But that was not to be courtesy of one man, Majid Bishkar. Early in the second half they conceded a harmless free kick around the centre circle. Since the distance from the goal was too much, Bagan players had a casual approach and did not form a wall. What followed next is best described from his compatriot Jamshed Nassiri,
The president wanted the duo at any cost and he finally had his prize. Jamshed and Majid were players unseen in India’s footballing history. Especially Majid whose accurate slick passes and deft body faints spread an aura amongst the fans.The duo helped Mohammedan Sporting clinch the 1983 Federation Cup which was the official champions of India back then. In a tightly packed Jawahar Stadium in Kannur against Mohun Bagan.
Majid finally brought out his true form out in Black and White colours. With the first half Goalless, Mohun Bagan were seeking to hold Mohammedan for another half and clinch their fourth Federation Cup in a row. But that was not to be courtesy of one man, Majid Bishkar. Early in the second half they conceded a harmless free kick around the centre circle. Since the distance from the goal was too much, Bagan players had a casual approach and did not form a wall. What followed next is best described from his compatriot Jamshed Nassiri,
“Majid took a one step shot. The ball floated all over the goalkeeper’s head into the net. It was an unbelievable strike, even the Bagan players clapped in appreciation. Only he could score gems like that.”
The Iranian maverick gave a tough time to Subrata Bhattacharya captained Bagan defense. Majid's goal was coupled by Jamshed’s wonder strike a few mins later as Mohammedan clinched a 2-0 win. A year later Mohammedan Sporting defended their Fed Cup title, this time defeating the other giant of Bengal Football, East Bengal 1-0.
1985 saw Mohammedan Sporting sign a certain Chima Okorie from Chandigarh FC. The Nigerian goal machine scored sixteen goals in his first senior season completely shaking up the Calcutta maidan. Mohammedan Sporting’s last silverware of the decade was the 1987 Rovers Cup. A brace from Pradip Talukdar ensured Mohammedan Sporting’s victory over Mohun Bagan.
Lost in the Pages of History (1988-2019)
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Prime Minister Manmohan Singh is being introduced with the Mohammedan players, during the inauguration of the 2006–07 NFL on January 5, 2007. |
In the 90s, success became sporadic and rare for Mohammedan Sporting. Most of the yesteryear stars left while others aged up. Sporting participated in 1990 Nehru Centenary Club Cup which was an international club tournament organized in India.
Mohammedan Sporting led by their world cup star, Emeka Ezeugo was the only Indian club to qualify for the semis. En route to their semis, the club defeated the Zambian National Team and FC Metalist Kharkiv in group stage. Mohammedan lost 1–0 to the eventual champions, Paraguayan outfit Club Olimpia.
By 1996, the country’s first semi-professional football league was set-up and Mohammedan Sporting alongwith Mohun Bagan and East Bengal found themselves in deep trouble. The 'Big Three' clubs of Maidan, mostly funded by supporters and patrons, faced serious financial jeopardy due to increased expenses to compete in a league and limited source of income.
The first two years in the NFL played out as a disaster. Back to back relegations in its inaugural two seasons saw Mohammedan in acute crisis. During this time, Vijay Mallya, owner of United Breweries made collaboration offers to all three clubs in Kolkata. Mohun Bagan got into a partnership with Mcdowells while East Bengal hit a jackpot with Kingfisher but Mohammedan Sporting having the prophet’s name associated with the club, refused to associate themselves with a liquor brand.
This decision proved costly for The Black Panthers in the long run. With three league titles each under the UB group era, Mohun Bagan and East Bengal flourished while Mohammed Sporting were engulfed in a fight of relegation- promotion. The next decade was a two horse race in Calcutta Maidan.
The first two years in the NFL played out as a disaster. Back to back relegations in its inaugural two seasons saw Mohammedan in acute crisis. During this time, Vijay Mallya, owner of United Breweries made collaboration offers to all three clubs in Kolkata. Mohun Bagan got into a partnership with Mcdowells while East Bengal hit a jackpot with Kingfisher but Mohammedan Sporting having the prophet’s name associated with the club, refused to associate themselves with a liquor brand.
This decision proved costly for The Black Panthers in the long run. With three league titles each under the UB group era, Mohun Bagan and East Bengal flourished while Mohammed Sporting were engulfed in a fight of relegation- promotion. The next decade was a two horse race in Calcutta Maidan.
The advent of the I-League did not see much changes in Mohammedan’s fate. Maintaining a top-flight I-League team those days meant spiraling costs, and clubs like Mohammedan Sporting that depended on membership and ticket sales simply could not survive and compete without sponsorship. Their hardships finally ended in 2013 when Sanjay Sen guided them to I-league and also won the 2014 IFA Shield.
Mohammedan Sporting overcame a determined Sheikh Jamal Dhanmondi which consisted of future Mohun Bagan superstar, Sony Norde. The Black Panthers clinched their first major silverware in 27 years winning 5-4 in penalties. Custodian, Naseem Akhtar who was substituted in place of an injured Luis Barreto became the penalty shoot out hero. The 40,000 crowd went into a frenzy at The Saltlake Stadium when Akhtar denied Didarul a goal ensuring Mohammedan's sixth IFA Shield win.
Mohammedan Sporting overcame a determined Sheikh Jamal Dhanmondi which consisted of future Mohun Bagan superstar, Sony Norde. The Black Panthers clinched their first major silverware in 27 years winning 5-4 in penalties. Custodian, Naseem Akhtar who was substituted in place of an injured Luis Barreto became the penalty shoot out hero. The 40,000 crowd went into a frenzy at The Saltlake Stadium when Akhtar denied Didarul a goal ensuring Mohammedan's sixth IFA Shield win.
Under club secretary Ghazal Uz Zafar, a Calcutta based young entrepreneur, Mohammedan Sporting showed major signs of reformation in 2016. The club finished runners up in the CFL edition with East Bengal maintaining an unbeaten record. Sporting not only finished above Mohun Bagan but also defeated them on the final matchday to secure their silver medal. The club also won the Sikkim Governor's Gold Cup for the first time since 1980. The 2018 Bordoloi Trophy win followed as Mohammedan were getting ready to announce their comeback. Clearly, better days were on the horizon
Revival of Lost Legacy: A New Dawn (2020-2023)
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Mohammedan Sporting lost the 2021 Durand Cup final against FC Goa (Courtesy: Arnab Saha, Own Work via Wikipedia Commons) |
Although coincidental as it may seem, Mohammedan Sporting were promoted back to first division I league in the same season, Mohun Bagan and East Bengal entered the Indian Super League. Hence, the reunification of The Big 3 in the national league had to wait for a few years. The management finally decided that the club has suffered enough scars of promotion-relegation and it was important to come out of the time shell that they were living in. They sought to take important steps to secure their future which included an investor that would take the club to a professional level.
In October 2020, under the secretaryship of Sheikh Wasim Akram, Mohammedan for the first time entered into a joint-venture with a Gurgaon based sports management company Bunkerhill, with an aim to eventually qualify or enter the Indian Super League. One of the directors of Bunkerhill, Dipak Kr. Singh said,
“We have a plan. The first objective would be to make it to the I-League and stay there and then to look at the next big step. We are working out on many more things but those are now in the preliminary stage.”
Mohammedan Sporting’s football secretary, the legendary ex. Footballer, Dippendu Biswas said,
“Our new investors are really amazing and this is a historic moment for us. Our plan is to play I-League and then ISL but for now, we have our first match of the season and we have to win that game,”
For the next three seasons, Singh and Biswas would be the backbone of the team. Tirelessly the duo worked in tandem with the coach and managing staff. On and off the pitch, their names would be called in unison whenever something good (or bad) happened with the club. Biswas and Singh were the faces of Mohammedan’s glory to ISL.
Yan Law started the season with Mohammedan in the I-League qualifiers but he was sacked in just two matches. Under the tutelage of Saheed Ramon, Mohammedan topped their group and finished as the winners of I-League qualifiers final round thus securing their re-entry into I league. Spanishman Jose Heivia was appointed to oversee Mohammedan's first season in the I League. A decorated CV that had stints across Spain, England and several corners of India, Heivia came with a lot of promise.
The club signed previous I-League season's top scorer, Pedro Manzi along with Bangladeshi football team captain Jamal Bhuyan for their AFC quota. Mohammedan started their season on a good note but crucial defeats to Gokulam, Churchill and TRAU saw them virtually out of the title race. Heivia was sacked mid-season and the club reins was transferred to technical director, Sankarlal Chakroborty till the end of the season. Mohammedan finished at sixth with 5 wins, 5 draws, 5 losses.
Learning from the mistakes of previous season, Mohammedan were cautious of appointing the correct head coach. The club went through four different managers in the previous season which disturbed the squad harmony. Finally, after loads of speculation, former Russian national team assistant manager, Andrey Chernyshov was appointed. The 53 year old had worked with heavyweight clubs like Spartak Moscow, Dynamo Tiblesi before handling the Russian U-21 team for a few days too.
The club signed previous I-League season's top scorer, Pedro Manzi along with Bangladeshi football team captain Jamal Bhuyan for their AFC quota. Mohammedan started their season on a good note but crucial defeats to Gokulam, Churchill and TRAU saw them virtually out of the title race. Heivia was sacked mid-season and the club reins was transferred to technical director, Sankarlal Chakroborty till the end of the season. Mohammedan finished at sixth with 5 wins, 5 draws, 5 losses.
Learning from the mistakes of previous season, Mohammedan were cautious of appointing the correct head coach. The club went through four different managers in the previous season which disturbed the squad harmony. Finally, after loads of speculation, former Russian national team assistant manager, Andrey Chernyshov was appointed. The 53 year old had worked with heavyweight clubs like Spartak Moscow, Dynamo Tiblesi before handling the Russian U-21 team for a few days too.
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Mohammedan score 6 past Sreenidi in 22/23 I-League Season (Courtesy: I-League) |
After securing the services of the coach, the management went on to secure transfers. Veteran Maidani name, Henry Kisekka and Gokulam’s terror, Marcus Joseph arrived to bolster the attack while Serbian center back, Nikola Stanjovic and Syrian defender, Shaheer Shaheen protected the backline. Under Chershynov’s guidance and Nikola’s captaincy Mohammedan Sporting went for a dream run in the Durand Cup 2021 before losing out to FC Goa in the finals.
As one of the title contenders of 2021-22 I league season, Mohammedan gave their opponents a run for their money. While the backline was secured under Shaheer-Nikola duo, Trinbogian international Marcus Joseph massacred the opponents defense raking up 15 goals. The title boiled down to the last day as Mohammedan Sporting squared off against Gokulam Kerala at the Vivekananda Yuva Bharati Krirangan.
In a must win situation, supporters from all over the city flocked only to face the most difficult heartbreak of the century. Gokulam defeated Mohammedan 2-1 at their backyard to clinch back to back titles. The national league remained unconquered. New adventures awaited The Black and White brigade.
The new season did not unfurl as expected for Mohammedan Sporting. A string of poor results affected the start of the I League campaign as their away form went from bad to worse. Chershynov's men hadn't registered a win on the road having lost four out of the five away matches. With the team languishing in ninth place tough calls had to be taken and Andrey Chernyshov departed with a golden handshake.
The search for a new coach led them to Mohun Bagan’s I league winning manager, Kibu Vicuna. The Polish was in the race to become the manager a season earlier with David Robertson from Real Kashmir before management finally decided to go with the Russian mastermind. However, a change of guard did not improve the results as Mohammedan Sporting managed to win only two of their next nine games.
Less than three months in charge, Vicuna was sacked and Mehrajuddin Wadoo was appointed. In the first promotion season, Roundglass Punjab won their first I league thus making their entry into ISL. Mohammedan finished a disappointing 8th.
The search for a new coach led them to Mohun Bagan’s I league winning manager, Kibu Vicuna. The Polish was in the race to become the manager a season earlier with David Robertson from Real Kashmir before management finally decided to go with the Russian mastermind. However, a change of guard did not improve the results as Mohammedan Sporting managed to win only two of their next nine games.
Less than three months in charge, Vicuna was sacked and Mehrajuddin Wadoo was appointed. In the first promotion season, Roundglass Punjab won their first I league thus making their entry into ISL. Mohammedan finished a disappointing 8th.
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Mohammedan Celebrating I-League 23/24 Victory (Courtesy: Billjones94 - Own Work via Wikipedia Commons) |
In the transfer window before the 23/24 season, Mohammedan brought back the coach which showed them a lot of promise, none other than Andrey Chernyshov. An impressive scouting network was established to bring in underrated talents from Indian clubs and never before seen foreigners, typical of Mohammedan, were welcomed from various parts of the world.
Honduran CF Eddie Hernandez joined from FC Motagua in the Honduran League, Mirajlol Kasimov joined from NEROCA, Alexis Gomez joined from Sudeva Delhi, Joseph Adjei joined from Syrian Club Al Ahli SC. In the winter transfer window, Kozlov was welcomed from Atyrau in the Kazakh League. The significant domestic signings included Zodingliana Ralte and David Lalhlangsanga from Aizawl, Mohammed Irshad from NEUFC, Padam Chettri from Kenkre and Lalremsanga from Rajasthan.
And Mohammedan rocked the I-League. They were undefeated till match week 12, with draws against Gokulam, Shillong and Churchill. Their first defeat came against Real Kashmir, which brought their competitors for the League Premiers, Sreenidi and Real Kashmir back into the race.
And Mohammedan rocked the I-League. They were undefeated till match week 12, with draws against Gokulam, Shillong and Churchill. Their first defeat came against Real Kashmir, which brought their competitors for the League Premiers, Sreenidi and Real Kashmir back into the race.
However, Mohammedan kept their nerves, and courtesy of their hit foreign contingent along with star Indians, most influential being David who became the joint top goal scorer for the season, Remsanga, Angousana, Bikash Singh, Zodingliana and Padam "Lev Yashin" Chettri, helped Mohammedan Champion the I-League, thus getting themselves promoted to the Indian Super League.
Mohammedan played a very dynamic brand of football, they knew when and how to attack and defend and employed a mix set of tactics from fast to slow paced, long to short passing football depending on the situation, orchestrated by Chernyshov, which was probably the biggest factor which helped them succeed.
A rollercoaster ride would perhaps be an appropriate way to describe the journey of Mohammedan Sporting Club in the last decade. In 2013-14, when ISL was slowly making its baby steps as a franchise league,The Black and White Brigade were relegated from the I-League. Ten years down the line, they said goodbye to the I-League again, but this time after winning the league and getting promoted to the Indian Super League.
After spiraling into near obscurity, spending season after season laboring in the I-League 2nd Division, this was redemption night for the Mohammedanis across the world. The chants of Jaan Jaan Mohammedan will once again echo amongst Joy Mohun Bagan and Joy East Bengal in the top league of the country.
After spiraling into near obscurity, spending season after season laboring in the I-League 2nd Division, this was redemption night for the Mohammedanis across the world. The chants of Jaan Jaan Mohammedan will once again echo amongst Joy Mohun Bagan and Joy East Bengal in the top league of the country.
The Hunt for Glory: The ISL Era (2024-)
𝐇𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐜 𝐍𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭 𝐚𝐭 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐚 𝐀𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐚.
— Mohammedan SC (@MohammedanSC) September 26, 2024
𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐬𝐭 𝐖𝐢𝐧, 𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐬𝐭 𝐓𝐡𝐫𝐞𝐞 𝐏𝐨𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐬. 🎯
And we are just getting started! 🔥#JaanJaanMohammedan 💪🏼#BlackAndWhiteArmy 🤍🖤 #IndianFootball ⚽ #MSCinISL #ISL #CFCMSC pic.twitter.com/JGv4oysR92
Preparations for the inaugural ISL season started early in pre-season. The club secured investment from Shrachi Sports Ventures who bought a 50% stake from existing investor Bunkerhill in a deal that reshaped the club's ownership structure. The new investment distribution saw Shrachi Sports and Bunkerhill holding 30.5% each, while Mohammedan Sporting retained 39% share.
The ownership changes were reflected in the executive board members as well. The management trusted veteran Russian coach, Andrey Chersyhnov to lead the team in their inaugural ISL campaign. With the core of foreigners retained from last season, the new management quickly roped in Carlos Franca, Cesar Manzoki and Md. Kadiri.
All six were fresh faces into the ISL circuit and the management was sensible while keeping the age bracket of foreigners between the age group of 24-29. When it came to the Indian contingent, Mohammedan made some underrated transfers.
Notable names were Joe Zoherlina, Lalrinfela from Aizawl, Rocharzela and Gaurav Bora from NorthEast, Bikash Singh from KBFC, Makan Chothe from HFC, Amarjit Singh Kiyam from FC Goa. The management has cleverly selected energetic utility players while keeping a balance between youth and experience.
The ownership changes were reflected in the executive board members as well. The management trusted veteran Russian coach, Andrey Chersyhnov to lead the team in their inaugural ISL campaign. With the core of foreigners retained from last season, the new management quickly roped in Carlos Franca, Cesar Manzoki and Md. Kadiri.
All six were fresh faces into the ISL circuit and the management was sensible while keeping the age bracket of foreigners between the age group of 24-29. When it came to the Indian contingent, Mohammedan made some underrated transfers.
Notable names were Joe Zoherlina, Lalrinfela from Aizawl, Rocharzela and Gaurav Bora from NorthEast, Bikash Singh from KBFC, Makan Chothe from HFC, Amarjit Singh Kiyam from FC Goa. The management has cleverly selected energetic utility players while keeping a balance between youth and experience.
Like a panther's patient hunt, the team's journey has been one of stealth and perseverance, navigating through periods of glory and challenge with feline agility. From their golden era in the 1930s and 1940s to their recent resurgence, Mohammedan SC has displayed a predator's instinct for success.
After years of hardships and struggle, The Black and White brigade look really confident in their first ISL season. Mohammedan Sporting, entrenched in the pages of Indian football is about to write a new chapter in its illustrious history.